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- <text id=90TT2975>
- <title>
- Nov. 08, 1990: Caution -- Hazardous Work
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1990
- Nov. 08, 1990 Special Issue - Women:The Road Ahead
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- THE CHANGING FAMILY, Page 79
- WIVES
- Caution: Hazardous Work
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>Looking for lifelong economic security? Don't bank on homemaking
- </p>
- <p>By Janice Castro--Reported by Leslie Dickstein/New York and
- Joseph J. Kane/Atlanta
- </p>
- <p> Pursuing her own career was the last thing on Maureen Zack's
- mind. She and her husband of 30 years, a Michigan surgeon, had
- their hands full raising seven children in an affluent Detroit
- suburb. But eight years ago, their marriage fell apart just as
- Dr. Zack was beset with financial problems. Suddenly, Mrs. Zack,
- who had not worked full time outside the home for 18 years, was
- taking baby-sitting jobs and cleaning offices at night to
- provide for her family. Four of her children dropped out of
- college for a while to help pay the bills. "I felt so
- desperate," she says. "My skills were so obsolete."
- </p>
- <p> Still, Maureen Zack was luckier than most. She eventually
- won a modest divorce settlement and undertook a course of
- studies that led to a job as a computer instructor. Not many of
- the nation's 16 million so-called displaced homemakers land
- quite so squarely on their feet. Having worked full time in the
- home, they are often devastated by the economic wind shear that
- hits when they lose their husbands because of death, divorce,
- separation or abandonment. Lacking job skills, nearly 3 out of
- 5 live at or below the poverty level. Many more American women
- are vulnerable to the same fate: about 22 million married women
- are out of the labor force, dependent on their husbands'
- income. And many of these, asserts the Displaced Homemakers
- Network, based in Washington, "are just a man away from
- poverty."
- </p>
- <p> The rising rates of mid-life divorce are swelling these
- financially battered ranks. The advent of no-fault and
- equitable-distribution divorce laws, which have greatly reduced
- alimony payments, have left many full-time homemakers out in the
- cold. Says Curtis Tillman, chief judge of the superior court in
- DeKalb County, Ga.: "Society no longer believes that a husband
- should support his wife. Now juries and judges see things as a
- partnership."
- </p>
- <p> The most pitiable of the displaced homemakers may be the 58%
- who are over 65. For many of them, the rules have changed too
- late in the game. Charlee Lambert, 67, for example, was married
- to a former Ford Motor Co. executive for 41 years and raised six
- children before the couple split up. Now she works two full-time
- jobs and shares her home with her adult daughter, her daughter's
- boyfriend and her mother; she also takes in boarders. Another
- divorced woman, who was married 40 years, moved in with her
- parents--now in their late 70s--while she got her footing.
- Social Security and pensions are often little help. A woman
- married for more than 10 years typically collects no more than
- two-thirds the Social Security that she and her husband would
- have received. Ex-wives and widows rarely get more than half
- their spouse's pension.
- </p>
- <p> Overcoming the sheer paralyzing fear of the workplace is
- often the toughest hurdle. Many women have no idea what to wear
- to a job interview and no sense of their abilities, and the
- bills are piling up. In most parts of the country, though,
- workshops on how to make the transition and find jobs are
- available. Information is also offered by the Displaced
- Homemakers Network. Older women are often surprised to find
- that they can learn new skills such as computer processing. For
- younger women, the lesson is one best learned early: more than
- ever, the job of full-time homemaker may be the riskiest
- profession to choose.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
-